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FAN5601
Regulated Step-Down Charge Pump DC/DC Converter
Features
* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * > 85% Peak Efficiency Low EMI Low Ripple Output Voltage 1.3V/1.8V Input Voltage Range: 2.2V to 5.5V Output Current: Up to 250mA 2.5% Output Voltage Accuracy 30A Operating Current ICC < 1A in Shutdown Mode 2MHz Operating Frequency Shutdown Isolates Output from Input Soft-Start Limits Inrush Current Short Circuit and Over Temperature Protection Minimum External Component Count 6-Lead 3x3mm MLP Package
Description
The FAN5601 is an advanced third generation switched capacitor step down DC/DC converter utilizing Fairchild's proprietary ScalarPumpTM technology. This innovative architecture utilizes scalar switch re-configuration and fractional switching techniques to produce low output ripple, low ESR spikes and improve efficiency over a wide load range. The FAN5601 produces a fixed regulated output from 2.2V to 5V input voltage. Customized output voltages are available in 100mV increments from 1V to 1.8V. Contact marketing for customized outputs. In order to maximize efficiency, the FAN5601 achieves regulation by skipping pulses. Depending upon load current, the size of the switches is scaled dynamically, consequently, current spikes and EMI are minimized. An internal soft start circuitry prevents excessive current drawn from the supply. The device is internally protected against short circuit and over temperature conditions. The FAN5601 is available in 6-lead 3x3mm MLP.
ScalarPumpTM is a registered trademark of Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation.
Applications
* * * * * * * Cell Phones Handheld Computers Portable Electronic Equipment Core Supply to Next Generation Processors Low Voltage DC Bus Digital Cameras DSP Supplies
Typical Application
CB = 1F
VIN CIN = 10F
FAN5601
INPUT 2.2V to 5.5V
C+
CVOUT
OUTPUT 1.0V t o 1.8V
ENABLE GND
COUT = 10F
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5601
Pin Assignment
FAN5601 Top-View
C+ CENABLE
1 2 3 6 5 4
VIN VOUT
GND
6-Lead 3x3mm MLP
Pin Description
Pin Name Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 6-Lead 3x3mm MLP C+ CENABLE GND VOUT VIN Pin Function Description Bucket Capacitor Positive Connection Bucket Capacitor Negative Connection Enable Pin No Connection No Connection Ground
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FAN5601
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Absolute Maximum Ratings (Note1)
Parameter VIN,VOUT, ENABLE to GND C+, C-, to GND VOUT Short Circuit Duration Lead Soldering Temperature (10 seconds) Operating Temperature Range Junction Temperature Storage Temperature Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Protection (Note2) HBM CDM -55 4 1 -40 Min -0.3 -0.3 Max 6.0 VIN + 0.3 INDEFINITE 300 +85 150 150 C C C C kV Unit V V
Recommended Operating Conditions
Parameter Input Voltage Output Current Operating Ambient Temperature Thermal Resistance Junction to Tab Thermal Resistance Junction to Ambient 6-lead 3x3mm MLP 6-lead 3x3mm MLP (Note 3) -40 8 90 Package Min 2.2 Typ Max 5.5 250 85 Unit V mA C C/W C/W
Notes: 1. Operation beyond the absolute maximum rating may cause permanent damage to device. 2. Using Mil Std. 883E, method 3015.7(Human Body Model) and EIA/JESD22C101-A (Charge Device Model). 3. One square inch, 1oz bottom side GND plane connected to top side GND plane by field of via.
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5601
Electrical Characteristics
VIN = 2.2V to 5.5V, IOUT = 1mA, CB = 1F, CIN = 10F, COUT = 10F, TA = -40C to +85C, typical values measured at TA = 25C, unless otherwise noted.
Parameter Conditions Min. Typ. Max. Units
Input Undervoltage Lockout Output Voltage Output Voltage Accuracy Output Voltage Temperature Coefficient Load Regulation Line Regulation No load Supply Current (Note 4) Shutdown Supply Current Output Short-circuit Current (Note 5) Efficiency VIN at Configuration Change Oscillator Frequency
Thermal Shutdown Threshold Thermal Shutdown Threshold Hysteresis
1.9 TA = 25C, VIN = 3.3V VIN = 3.3V VIN = 3.3V TA = 25C IOUT = 0mA, VIN = 2.2V ENABLE =GND. VOUT = 0 VOUT = GND. VIN = 2.35 x VOUT IOUT =150mA From 2:1 to 1:1 mode -2 -2.5
2.0 Vnom
2.17 +2 +2.5
V V % % ppm mV/mA
25 0.133 1.35 30 0.1 25 85 2.22 x Vnom 2.0
150 15
2 60 1
mV/V A A mA % V MHz C C
V
ENABLE Logic Input High Voltage, VIH ENABLE Logic Input Low Voltage, VIL ENABLE Logic Input Current VOUT Turn On Time
VIN = 2.2V to 5.5V VIN = 2.2V to 5.5V ENABLE = VIN or GND VIN = 3.6V, IOUT = 0mA, 10% to 90%
1.3 0.4 -1 1 1
V
A
mS
Notes: 4. No load supply current is measured when the oscillator is off. 5. The short circuit protection is designed to protect against pre-existing short circuit conditions, i.e. assembly shorts that exist prior to device power-up. The short circuit current limit is 25mAAverage. Short circuit currents in normal operation are inherently limited by the ON-resistance of internal device. Since this resistance is in the range of 1, in some cases thermal shutdown may occur. However, immediately following the first thermal shutdown event, the short circuit condition will be treated as preexisting, and the load current will reduce to 25mAAverage.
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FAN5601
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics
TA = 25C, CIN = COUT =10F, CB = 1F, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Line Transient Response
Output Voltage Output Voltage
Load Transient Response
(50mV/div)
(20mV/div)
VIN = 3.3V
V IN = 4.4V
IOUT = 100mA
Load Current (100mA/div)
Input Voltage
IOUT = 1mA
(1V/div)
V IN = 2V
V IN = 2 V to 4.4V IOUT = 10mA
Time (10s/div) Time (1ms/div)
Input Current vs Input Voltage
46 44
Shutdown Current vs Input Voltage
70
VOUT = 0V
Shutdown Current (nA)
IOUT = 0mA
60 50 40 30 20 10 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
Input Current (A)
42 40 38 36 34 32 30 28 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage (V)
Output Voltage vs Ambient Temperature
Threshold and Hysteresis (V)
1.31 1.30
Mode Change Threshold and Hysteresis vs Load Current
3.5 3.0 2.5
Low Threshold High Threshold
Output Voltage (V)
1.29 1.28 1.27 1.26 -60 -40 -20 0 20 40 60
VIN = 4V IOUT = 10mA
2.0 1.5 1.0 0.5 0.0 0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160
Hysteresis
80
100 120 140
Ambient Temperature (C)
Load Current (mA)
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5601
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25C, CIN = COUT =10F, CB = 1F, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Enable Threshold vs Input Voltage
IOUT = 10mA
Enable Delay
Output Voltage (500m V/div)
1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0
TA = 25C
IOUT = 10mA VIN = 2.2V
V En able (V)
0.8 0.7 2.0 2.5 3.0 3.5 4.0 4.5 5.0 5.5 6.0
V IN (V) Time (400 s/div)
Output Ripple
Enable Voltage (5V/div)
0.9
Output Ripple
IOUT = 1.3A VIN = 2.2V VOUT = 1.3V
IOUT = 1.3A VIN = 2.7V VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple (10mV/div)
Time (40ms/div)
Output Ripple (10mV/div)
Time (40ms/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 1.3A VIN = 3.6V
IOUT = 1.3A VIN = 4.2V VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple (2mV/div)
Time (20ms/div)
Output Ripple (10mV/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (20ms/div)
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FAN5601
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25C, CIN = COUT =10F, CB = 1F, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple Output Ripple
IOUT = 1.3A VIN = 5.5V VOUT = 1.3V
IOUT = 10mA VIN = 2.2V VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
(10mV/div)
Time (20ms/div)
Time (100s/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 10mA VIN = 2.7V
IOUT = 10mA VIN = 3.6V
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (100s/div)
(10mV/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (100s/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 10mA VIN = 4.2V
IOUT = 10mA VIN = 5.5V
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (100s/div)
(10mV/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (100s/div)
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5601
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25C, CIN= COUT =10F, CB = 1F, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Ripple Output Ripple
IOUT = 150mA VIN = 2.2V
IOUT = 150mA VIN = 2.7V VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple (20mV/div)
Time (10s/div)
Output Ripple (20mV/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (10s/div)
Output Ripple
Output Ripple
IOUT = 150mA VIN = 3.6V
IOUT = 150mA VIN = 4.2V
Output Ripple (20mV/div)
Output Ripple (20mV/div)
VOUT = 1.3V
VOUT = 1.3V
Time (10s/div)
Time (1s/div)
Output Ripple
IOUT = 150mA VIN = 5.5V VOUT = 1.3V
Output Ripple (20mV/div)
Time (1s/div)
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FAN5601
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Typical Performance Characteristics (cont.)
TA = 25C, CIN= COUT =10F, CB = 1F, VOUT = 1.3V, unless otherwise noted.
Output Voltage vs Input Voltage
1.35 1.30
Efficiency vs Input Voltage
100 90 80
VOUT = 1.3V TA = 25C
Ouput Voltage (V)
Efficiency (%)
1.25 1.20 1.15 1.10 1.05 1.00 0.95 1 2 3 4 5 6
70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0
1 2 3 4
Load Current = 1mA Load Current = 10mA Load Current = 50mA Load Current = 100mA Load Current = 150mA Load Current = 250mA
Load Load Load Load Load Load
Current Current Current Current Current Current
= = = = = =
1mA 10mA 50mA 100mA 150mA 250mA
5 6
Input Voltage (V)
Input Voltage (V)
Output Voltage vs Load Current
1.32
VIN = 4.5V
Peak Efficiency vs Load Current
88
VIN = 2.95V
1.30 1.28 1.26 1.24 1.22 1.20 TA TA TA TA = = = = -40C 0C 80C 125C
Peak Efficiency (%)
86
TA = 25C
Ouput Voltage (V)
84
82
80
78
0 50 100 150 200 250 300
0
50
100
150
200
250
300
Load Current (mA)
Load Current (mA)
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5601
Block Diagram
V IN
0.25SW1
0.25SW1 0.5SW1
OSCILLATOR (2MHz) IN VOLTAGE REF. OUT - CONFIGURATION + 0.25SW2 0.25SW2 0.5SW2
C+
SOFT START Vref RAMP
Vref RAMP FB
+
PULSE_SKIP CONTROL LOGIC
OUTPUT 150mV
+
SHORT_CKT.
D R I V E R S
0.25SW3
0.25SW3 0.5SW3
VOUT
C0.25SW4 0.25SW4 0.5SW4
0.5* INPUT 1V
+
UVLO SHUTDOWN
THERMAL SHUTDOWN FB
ENABLE
GND.
Detailed Description
The FAN5601 switched capacitor DC/DC converter automatically configures switches to achieve a high efficiency and provides a regulated output voltage by means of pulse skipping, pulse frequency modulation (PFM). An internal soft start circuit prevents excessive inrush current drawn from the supply. Each switch is split into three segments. Based on the values of VIN, VOUT and IOUT, an internal circuitry determines the number of segments to be used to reduce current spikes.
When VIN <2.22 x VOUT , a 1:1 configuration shown in Fig. 1(B) is enabled. In the 1:1 configuration switch 3 is always OFF and the switch 4 is always ON. At 1.6V output setting the configuration changes from 2:1 to 1:1 at VIN = 3.56V. At 1.3V output setting the change occurs at VIN = 3.06V .
Pulse-skipping PFM and Fractional Switch Operation
When the regulated output voltage reaches its upper limit, the switches are turned off the output voltage reaches its lower limit. Considering a step-down 2:1 mode of operation, 1.6V output as an example, when the output reaches about 1.62V(upper limit), the control logic turns off all switches. Switching stops completely. This is pulse-skipping mode. Since the supply is isolated from the output, the output voltage will drop. Once the output is dropped to about 1.58V(lower limit), the device will return to regular switching mode with one quarter of each switch turning on first. Another quarter of each switch will be turned on if VOUT cannot reach regulation by the time of arrival of the third
Step-Down Charge Pump Operation
When VIN 2.22 x VOUT, a 2:1 configuration shown in Fig.1(A) is enabled. The factor 0.9 is used instead of 1 in order to account for the effect of resistive losses across the switches and to accommodate hysteresis in the voltage detector comparator. Two phase non-overlapping clock signals are generated to drive four switches. When switches 1 and 3 are ON, switches 2 and 4 are OFF and CB is charged. When switches 2 and 4 are ON, switches 1 and 3 are OFF, charge is transferred from CB to COUT.
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FAN5601
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Switch Configuration
VIN VIN
S1 C+
S1 C+
S2 S2 C VOUT
B
VOUT
C B
S3 CC
S3 COUT
C S4
OUT
S4
GND GND
Figure 1. (A)
Figure 1. (B)
2:1 configuration Switches in charging phase Reverse all switches for pumping phase
1:1 configuration Switch 3 is always off and Switch 4 is always on Switches 1 and 2 are in phase 1 Reverse the position of switches 1&2 for phase 2
charge cycle. Full switch operation occurs only during startup or under heavy load condition, when half switch operation cannot achieve regulation within seven charge cycles.
Shutdown, UVLO, Short Circuit Current Limit and Thermal Shutdown
The device has an active-low shutdown pin to decrease supply current to less than 1A. In shutdown mode the supply is disconnected from the output. UVLO triggers when supply voltage drops below 2V. When the output voltage is lower than 150mV, a short circuit protection is triggered. In this mode 15 out of 16 pulses during the switching will be skipped and the supply current is limited. Thermal shutdown triggers at 150C.
Soft Start
The soft-start feature limits inrush current when the device is initially powered up and enabled. The reference voltage is used to control the rate of the output voltage ramp-up to its final value. Typical start-up time is 1ms. Since the rate of the output voltage ramp-up is controlled by an internally generated slow ramp, pulse-skipping occurs and inrush current is automatically limited.
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5601
Applications Information
Proper operation of the FAN5601 requires one ceramic bucket capacitor in the 0.1F to 1F range; one 10F output bypass capacitor and one 10F input bypass capacitor. In order to obtain optimum output ripple and noise performance, use of low ESR (<0.05) ceramic input and output bypass capacitors is recommended. The X5R and X7R rated capacitors provide adequate performance over the -40C to 85C temperature range. The value of the bucket capacitor is dependent on load current requirements. A 1F bucket capacitor will work well in all applications at all load currents, while a 0.1F capacitor will support most applications under 100mA of load current. The choice of bucket capacitor values should be verified in the actual application at the lowest input voltage and highest load current. A 30% margin of safety is recommended in order to account for the tolerance of the bucket capacitor and the variations in the on-resistance of the internal switches. One of the key benefits of the ScalarPumpTM architecture is that the dynamically scaled on-resistance of the switches effectively reduces the peak current in the bucket capacitor and therefore input and output ripple current is also reduced. Nevertheless, due to the ESR of the input and output bypass capacitors, these current spikes generate voltage spikes at the input and output pins. However, these ESR spikes can be easily filtered because their frequency lie at up to 12 times the clock frequency. In applications where conductive and radiated EMI/RFI interference has to be kept as low as possible, the user may consider the use of additional input and output filtering. For example, adding an L-C filter to the standard output bypass configuration is very effective in reducing both the output ripple and the voltage spikes. Figure 2 shows an L-C filter using a 100nH chip inductor and a 1F capacitor. The channel 1 of Figure 3 shows the ripple voltage at the output of the device while Channel 2 shows the ripple voltage at the output of the filter at VIN = 3.3V,
VOUT = 1.3V and IOUT = 100mA. Similar filtering method will greatly reduce the current spikes at the input. The user should be mindful of considering resistive voltage drops in the inductors connected serially in the input and output leads.
Output Ripple
(10mV/div)
IOUT = 100mA VIN = 3.3V VOUT = 1.3V
Ripple at CF
(10mV/div)
Time (10s/div)
Figure 3. Effect of L-C Filter on output ripple
While evaluating the FAN5601 (or any other switched capacitor DC-DC converter) the user should be careful to keep the power supply source impedance low; use of long wires causing high lead inductances and resistive losses should be avoided. A carefully laid out ground plane is essential because current spikes are generated as the bucket capacitor is charged and discharged. The input and output bypass capacitors should be placed as close to the device pins as possible.
CB = 1F
FAN5601
INPUT 2.2V to 5.5V
C+ VIN
C- VOUT
LF = 100nH Output 1.0V to 1.8V CF = 1F COUT = 10F
CIN = 10F
ENABLE GND
Figure 2. Optional L-C Filter
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FAN5601
PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
Mechanical Dimensions
6-Lead 3x3mm MLP Package
2.45 0.15 C 3.0
2X
2.10 3.50
1.65 3.0 (0.70)
0.15
C
0.95 TYP
0.65 TYP
2X TOP VIEW
0.8 MAX 0.10 C (0.20) 0.08 C
RECOMMENDED LAND PATTERN
0.05 0.00
SEATING PLANE
SIDE VIEW
PIN #1 IDENT
2.25
1
0.45 0.20
3
1.65
0.2 MIN 0.95
6
1.90
4
0.30~0.45 0.10 0.05 CAB C
BOTTOM VIEW
NOTES:
A. CONFORMS TO JEDEC REGISTRATION MO-229, VARIATION WEEA, DATED 11/2001 B. DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETERS. C. DIMENSIONS AND TOLERANCES PER ASME Y14.5M, 1994
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PRODUCT SPECIFICATION
FAN5601
Ordering Information
Product Number FAN5601 Package Type 6-Lead 3x3mm MLP 6-Lead 3x3mm MLP Voltage Option [Vnom] 1.3V 1.8V Order Code FAN5601MP13X FAN5601MP18X
DISCLAIMER FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR RESERVES THE RIGHT TO MAKE CHANGES WITHOUT FURTHER NOTICE TO ANY PRODUCTS HEREIN TO IMPROVE RELIABILITY, FUNCTION OR DESIGN. FAIRCHILD DOES NOT ASSUME ANY LIABILITY ARISING OUT OF THE APPLICATION OR USE OF ANY PRODUCT OR CIRCUIT DESCRIBED HEREIN; NEITHER DOES IT CONVEY ANY LICENSE UNDER ITS PATENT RIGHTS, NOR THE RIGHTS OF OTHERS. LIFE SUPPORT POLICY FAIRCHILD'S PRODUCTS ARE NOT AUTHORIZED FOR USE AS CRITICAL COMPONENTS IN LIFE SUPPORT DEVICES OR SYSTEMS WITHOUT THE EXPRESS WRITTEN APPROVAL OF THE PRESIDENT OF FAIRCHILD SEMICONDUCTOR CORPORATION. As used herein: 1. Life support devices or systems are devices or systems which, (a) are intended for surgical implant into the body, or (b) support or sustain life, and (c) whose failure to perform when properly used in accordance with instructions for use provided in the labeling, can be reasonably expected to result in a significant injury of the user. 2. A critical component in any component of a life support device or system whose failure to perform can be reasonably expected to cause the failure of the life support device or system, or to affect its safety or effectiveness.
www.fairchildsemi.com
4/4/05 0.0m 004 Stock#DS30005236 2004 Fairchild Semiconductor Corporation

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